Koj puas muaj FTTH fiber ntau broadband ntsia hauv tsev, tab sis muaj kev hloov pauv nrawm lossis qee zaus kev cuam tshuam? Ntau tus neeg tsuas paub tias rebooting lub optical modem ib ntus daws qhov teeb meem, tsis muaj kev nkag siab tias nws ua tau li cas. Qhov tseeb, qhov optical modem tsis yog ib qho yooj yim "sib nqus relay chaw nres tsheb." Nws yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau rau hauv koj lub tsev, ua "tus neeg txhais lus mob siab rau" ntawm cov teeb liab kho qhov muag los ntawm cov chaw muab kev pabcuam thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hauv tsev. Niaj hnub no, peb yuav rhuav tshem qhov kho qhov muag modem ua haujlwm li cas hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim thiab piav qhia vim li cas hloov mus rau hom choj tuaj yeem txhawb koj qhov nrawm. Tsis muaj fluff, tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv 1,000 lo lus.
1. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Optical Modem: Vim li cas Nws yog "Yuav tsum-Muaj" rau Fiber Optic Tsev Txuas
Ua ntej, cia peb qhia meej txog qhov tseem ceeb: lub pob txha kho qhov muag ntawm lub chaw muab kev pabcuam thiab cov fiber ntau nkag mus rau hauv koj lub tsev tsuas yog kis tau "optical signals." Cov teeb liab no siv cov kev hloov hauv lub teeb siv thiab zaus los sawv cev rau cov cim digital (0s thiab 1s). Lub caij no, peb cov khoom siv hauv tsev xws li routers, khoos phis tawj, thiab xov tooj tsuas tuaj yeem paub txog "cov teeb liab hluav taws xob," uas siv cov kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob los xa cov ntaub ntawv digital tib yam.
Cov teeb liab tsis sib xws, zoo li ob tus neeg hais lus sib txawv thiab tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas lus ncaj qha. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm optical modem yog ua raws li "tus txhais lus + converter," txuas cov teeb liab kho qhov muag los ntawm fiber ntau thiab cov teeb liab hluav taws xob ntawm koj lub tsev. Nws ua ob txoj kev hloov dua siab tshiab thiab kev hloov raws tu qauv, ua rau nws tsuas yog "gatekeeper" rau fiber ntau nkag rau hauv koj lub tsev.
2. Peb lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Optical Modem
Lub optical modem lub luag haujlwm yog nyob ib puag ncig "optical- mus rau - hluav taws xob hloov pauv, hloov pauv thiab demodulation, thiab kev hloov pauv raws tu qauv." Peb cov kauj ruam no yog tus yuam sij rau kev nkag siab tias nws ua haujlwm li cas. Hauv qab no yog cov kauj ruam, piav qhia nrog tiag tiag - cov xwm txheej siv lub neej kom nkag siab yooj yim dua.
1. Optical-rau-Kev hloov hluav taws xob Bidirectional (Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb)
Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov optical modem thiab ib txwm "hluav taws xob modem." Kev hloov dua siab tshiab yog ua los ntawm modem lub sab hauv kho qhov muag module, uas ua raws li "converter" ntawm optical thiab hluav taws xob teeb liab:
Downstream (Tus Muab Kev Pabcuam → Tsev): Cov teeb liab kho qhov muag los ntawm fiber ntau nkag hauv koj lub tsev tau txais los ntawm qhov kho qhov muag module, uas hloov nws mus rau hauv lub teeb liab hluav taws xob uas cov cuab yeej hauv tsev tuaj yeem paub.
Upstream (Lub Tsev → Muab Kev Pabcuam): Cov teeb liab hluav taws xob los ntawm koj cov khoom siv (piv txwv li, router) tau hloov pauv los ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag rau hauv cov teeb liab kho qhov muag, uas raug xa rov qab mus rau cov chaw muab kev pabcuam ntawm fiber ntau.
Ntawm no yog cov tswv yim tswv yim: optical modem tsuas tuaj yeem tau txais cov teeb liab kho qhov muag nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ruaj khov (feem ntau nyob ib puag ncig -10 txog -28dBm). Qhov no yog qhov hu ua "optical poob". Yog hais tias qhov kho qhov muag poob loj dhau lawm, qhov kho qhov muag module tsis tuaj yeem hloov lub teeb liab kom raug, ua rau qeeb qeeb lossis cuam tshuam. Qhov no yog ib qho laj thawj zais rau qeeb fiber ntau.
2. Modulation thiab Demodulation: Ua cov cim "Xaiv- phooj ywg"
Thaum cov teeb liab kho qhov muag thiab hluav taws xob xa mus ncaj qha, cuam tshuam, txo qis, thiab cuam tshuam tuaj yeem tshwm sim -zoo li hais lus nrov dhau thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv koj lub suab. Lub core nti hauv optical modem ua ob txoj haujlwm:
Modulation: Nws hloov cov cim digital digital (0s thiab 1s) rau hauv daim ntawv tsim nyog rau fiber ntau thiab network cable kis tau tus mob (FTTH fiber ntau siv GPON / EPON raws tu qauv).
Demodulation: Nws txiav txim siab cov cim tau txais rov qab rau hauv daim ntawv digital qub kom cov khoom siv hauv tsev tuaj yeem nkag siab lawv.
Qhov no yog vim li cas optical modems tsis tuaj yeem hloov tau yooj yim nrog txhua tus qauv; lawv yuav tsum phim cov txheej txheem siv los ntawm cov chaw muab kev pabcuam cov khoom siv (GPON/EPON). Yog tias tsis muaj qhov kev sib tw no, lub modem yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua qhov kev hloov pauv thiab cov txheej txheem demodulation kom raug.
3. Txoj Cai Hloov Kho: Ua txhaum "Kev Sib Txuas Lus Sib Txuas"
Cov chaw muab kev pabcuam fiber ntau siv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb (GPON / EPON), thaum cov khoom siv hauv tsev xws li routers thiab khoos phis tawj siv cov txheej txheem Ethernet ntau dua. Ob hom kev cai no tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas lus ncaj qha.
Optical modem lub luag haujlwm ntawm no yog "txhais" cov txheej txheem fiber ntau rau hauv Ethernet raws tu qauv siv los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, thiab tom qab ntawd "pob" cov khoom siv hauv tsev rov qab rau hauv cov txheej txheem fiber ntau. Hauv qhov tseem ceeb, nws tsim kom muaj "kev sib txuas lus choj," kom ntseeg tau tias cov teeb liab fiber ntau tau xa mus rau txhua lub cuab yeej hauv tsev.
3. Ob hom ntawm Optical Modem: Vim li cas hloov mus rau Choj hom tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ceev
Ntau tus neeg tsis paub tias optical modems ua haujlwm hauv ob hom, uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau fiber ntau broadband ceev. Qhov no yog tus yuam sij rau kev hloov kho FTTH ceev tau hais ua ntej:
1. Router Hom (Default rau Cov Chaw Pabcuam):
Hauv hom no, optical modem ua ob qho tib si kho qhov muag - mus rau - hloov hluav taws xob thiab lub router ua haujlwm, suav nrog kev hu xov tooj rau thiab muab IPs rau cov khoom siv. Nws tseem ceeb yuav siv ntau yam haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, lub router nti hauv optical modem feem ntau tsis muaj zog heev, yog li thaum muaj ntau yam khoom siv txuas nrog, kev ua haujlwm poob qis, ua rau tsis muaj zog thiab txwv nrawm, thaum kawg nkim fiber ntau bandwidth.
2. Choj hom (pom zoo rau ceev Boost):
Hauv hom choj, qhov kho qhov muag modem cuam tshuam lub router kev ua haujlwm thiab tsuas yog tsom mus rau cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho qhov muag - mus rau - hluav taws xob hloov pauv, hloov kho, thiab demodulation. Hu rau hauv thiab muab IPs yog tswj los ntawm lub router muaj zog dua. Hom no tso cai rau lub optical modem ua nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yam tsis muaj lub fwj, kom ntseeg tau tias tag nrho cov peev txheej ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau yog xauv.
4. Xaus: Optical Modem lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug nutshell
Hauv qhov tseem ceeb, optical modem ua haujlwm ua "optical-to-electrical converter + signal translator." Nws hloov cov teeb liab kho qhov muag los ntawm cov chaw muab kev pabcuam rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob, thaum tib lub sijhawm txhais cov txheej txheem kev sib txuas lus kom ntseeg tau tias fiber ntau broadband siv tau los ntawm tag nrho koj cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Hloov mus rau hom choj, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov chaw nres nkoj gigabit, thiab tswj kev poob qhov muag yog txhua qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom zoo ntawm qhov kho qhov muag modem qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab tiv thaiv nws los ntawm bottlenecking koj fiber ntau ceev.
Tam sim no koj nkag siab txog qhov kho qhov muag modem cov haujlwm sab hauv, thaum koj lub fiber ntau qeeb qeeb, koj yuav paub meej qhov twg los nrhiav cov teeb meem, yam tsis muaj qhov muag tsis pom lub modem!
