Hauv chav tsev neeg teb xov tooj, kab ntawm OLT ntaus ntawv taw qhia teeb lub teeb nyem nrawm nrawm, thaum nyob hauv qhov tsis muaj zog -cov khoom tam sim no ntawm cov tsev thiab cov lag luam nees nkaum kilometers deb, ib qho khoom siv uas sib txuas fiber ntau optic hloov dua siab tshiab, routing thiab switching, wireless coverage, suab kis tau tus mob, thiab TV teeb liab faib ua hauj lwm ntsiag to, tawg gigabit bandwidth rau hauv lub network kev pab cuam ntawm txhua tus tswv cuab.
Engineer Li, tus saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg ua haujlwm broadband hauv Shenzhen, ua haujlwm ntau ntau ntawm cov khoom siv no txhua lub lim tiam. Taw tes rau ib qho khoom siv duab plaub dawb, nws hais tias:
"Hnub no lub optical modem txawv kiag li ntawm qhov nws tau tsib xyoos dhau los. Ua ntej, nws tsuas yog ib qho yooj yim 'optical- rau- hluav taws xob' lub thawv hloov pauv. Tam sim no, saib ntawm no ib qho -fiber optic input, ib txhij tso tawm gigabit wired kev sib txuas, wireless One Wi-Fi, daws teeb meem hauv xov tooj-.
01 Technical Fusion: Cov Txheej Txheem Tseem Ceeb ntawm XPON ONU niaj hnub
Fiber optic access networks tab tom muaj kev hloov pauv loj los ntawm ib qho - ua haujlwm rau ntau - kev pabcuam kev koom ua ke. Thaum ntxov ntawm Fiber-rau- lub-Kev xa tawm hauv tsev (FTTH), cov neeg siv feem ntau ntsib ntau yam khoom siv: optical modems, routers, xov tooj rooj vag, thiab TV teeb liab converters.
Cov khoom siv no tsis tsuas yog nyob hauv qhov chaw xwb tab sis kuj nce kev teeb tsa thiab cov ntsiab lus tsis ua haujlwm. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm multifunction XPON ONU hais txog qhov mob no.
XPON yog ib lub sij hawm sib sau ua ke rau GPON thiab EPON. GPON, raws li ITU-T G.984 series ntawm cov qauv, muab asymmetric kis tau tus mob peev xwm ntawm 2.5 Gbps downstream thiab 1.25 Gbps upstream, txhawb ib tug splitting piv txog li 1:128 thiab ib tug kev pab cuam vojvoog ntawm 20 kilometers.
Cov thev naus laus zis no muab lub hauv paus txaus bandwidth rau multifunction ONUs, ua rau lawv ib txhij nqa ntau yam kev pabcuam xws li siab - internet ceev, siab - video txhais lus, thiab kev sib txuas lus hauv lub suab.
Kev koom ua ke ONUs, nruab nrog 4 Gigabit Ethernet chaw nres nkoj, 2 lub xov tooj sib txuas ib txwm siv, CATV RF tso zis, thiab WiFi5 wireless ua haujlwm, tau dhau los ua daim ntawv tshaj tawm zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg ua haujlwm txhawb nqa "triple-play" cov kev pabcuam.
02 Ua tiav Cov Txheej Txheem ntawm Cov Ntaus Ntaus Ntaus: Cov Khoom Siv Kho Vaj Tse ntawm Multifunction XPON ONU
Txhawm rau kom nkag siab tias cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo li cas, nws yog thawj zaug uas yuav tsum tau txiav nws cov khoom siv kho vajtse thiab kev teeb tsa interface. Ib yam4GE CATV POTS WiFi5 ONUtxais yuav cov kev daws teeb meem sib xyaw chipset, ua kom haum rau ntau qhov kev ua haujlwm hauv lub chassis compact.
Lub vaj huam sib luag tom qab ntawm lub cuab yeej feem ntau suav nrog cov kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb hauv qab no: ib qho SC / APC fiber optic input chaw nres nkoj siv Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology; plaub 10/100/1000M auto-sensing Ethernet ports; ob lub xov tooj RJ11 interfaces; ib lub CATV RF tso zis chaw nres nkoj (F-hom connector).
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm sab hauv architecture, lub hauv paus ntawm lub cuab yeej yog lub ntsiab tswj nti, lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov pauv raws tu qauv, kev ntim khoom, thiab kev tswj hwm qhov system. Lub GPON module ua haujlwm kho qhov muag-rau- kev hloov hluav taws xob thiab kev ua raws cai, ua raws li ITU-T G.984.x cov qauv.
Plaub Gigabit Ethernet chaw nres nkoj tau txuas nrog los ntawm kev hloov pauv, txhawb txheej txheej 2 ua haujlwm xws li VLAN muab faib, chaw nres nkoj cais, thiab kev tswj tsheb. Lub suab module muab POTS interfaces, txhawb SIP lossis MGCP raws tu qauv los hloov IP lub suab teeb liab rau hauv cov xov tooj analog.
Lub CATV module tau txais xov tooj cua ntawm 1550nm wavelength los ntawm tus neeg sab nrauv photodetector, uas tom qab ntawd nthuav dav thiab lim ua ntej tso tawm raws li RF signals. Lub WiFi5 module, raws li tus qauv 802.11ac, muab kev pabcuam wireless hauv 5GHz zaus band.
Cov qauv no ua haujlwm hauv kev sib koom ua ke kom ua tiav qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ib qho -fiber input thiab multi- cov kev pab cuam tso zis.
03 Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Bandwidth: Kev Txawj Ntse Nqa Mechanism rau Plaub Hom Kev Pabcuam
Qhov kev sib tw loj tshaj plaws rau multifunction ONUs yog yuav ua li cas thiaj li faib cov kev txwv tsis pub dhau bandwidth kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev pabcuam zoo rau ntau hom tsheb. Qhov no yog qhov uas Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) thev naus laus zis los ua si.
Hauv GPON systems, cov kev taw qhia qis qis siv txoj kev tshaj tawm, qhov twg cov ntaub ntawv xa los ntawm OLT tau txais los ntawm tag nrho ONUs, tab sis tsuas yog ONU txuam nrog LLID txheej txheem nws. Cov kev taw qhia saum toj kawg nkaus siv Lub Sijhawm Division Multiple Access (TDMA), nrog rau txhua ONU xa cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub sijhawm teem sijhawm.
Multifunction ONUs ua kom muaj kev pabcuam zoo rau kev tsheb khiav tsheb tseem ceeb los ntawm kev faib cov tsheb khiav thiab kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb. Cov cuab yeej feem ntau categorizes cov tsheb khiav mus rau ntau theem tseem ceeb: lub suab tsheb nyiam qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, ua raws li CATV video ntws, tom qab ntawd cov ntaub ntawv hauv internet, thiab thaum kawg tswj kev taw qhia.
Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog kev faib bandwidth, txawm tias tag nrho cov uplink bandwidth tau siv tag nrho, lub kaw lus tseg tsawg kawg 64Kbps ntawm nplooj siab channel rau lub suab tsheb, xyuas kom meej tias kev hu tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rub tawm. Kev ua yeeb yaj kiab tau ua kom zoo dua los ntawm kev siv tshuab multicast thiab IGMP Snooping kom tsis txhob muaj ntau daim ntawv theej ntawm tib cov ntsiab lus tuav uplink bandwidth.
Lub WiFi5 wireless module, raws li kev txuas ntxiv ntawm lub network txuas, kuj ua raws cov hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv nws lub sijhawm teem sijhawm. MU-MIMO thev naus laus zis ntawm 802.11ac tus qauv tso cai rau ONU xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau ntau tus neeg siv wireless ib txhij, txhim kho kev siv wireless spectrum.
04 Kev Tshawb Fawb Cov Ntawv Thov: Kev Pab Cuam Tshaj Plaws los ntawm Tsev rau Cov Lag Luam Me thiab Micro
Kev tsim qauv ntawm cov khoom siv ntau yam ONUs suav nrog ntau yam ntawm cov ntawv thov scenarios, los ntawm tsev neeg zoo tib yam mus rau cov lag luam me thiab khw, qhov twg lawv tuaj yeem nrhiav tau lawv cov khoom siv.
Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hauv tsev, ib lub cuab yeej tuaj yeem ua tau raws li txhua qhov kev xav tau hauv network: tom qab siv fiber ntau optic, plaub Gigabit Ethernet ports tuaj yeem txuas mus rau lub TV ntse, gaming console, NAS cia, thiab lub computer feem; WiFi5 wireless network npog tag nrho lub tsev, txhawb ntau lub xov tooj smartphones thiab ntsiav tshuaj kom yooj yim nkag tau hauv internet ib txhij; CATV cov zis txuas mus rau TV teeb- lub npov sab saum toj rau saib siab - txhais TV raws; ob lub xov tooj sib txuas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv xov tooj hauv xov tooj thiab fax tshuab.
Hauv cov xwm txheej ua lag luam me, cov cuab yeej siv cov chaw nres nkoj tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv los ntawm cov keyboards los txuas ntau lub khoos phis tawj hauv chaw ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom siv network. Kev ua haujlwm VLAN tso cai rau cov lag luam faib cov cheeb tsam network rau cov chaw sib txawv, thiab kev sib cais chaw nres nkoj txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg hauv network.
Lub suab muaj nuj nqi muab tus nqi qis -tus nqi xov tooj sab hauv rau cov lag luam, thaum lub CATV interface tseem siv tau rau hauv cov chaw uas xav tau kev nkag mus rau cov xov xwm nyiaj txiag lossis saib xyuas cov channel. Lub WiFi5 wireless network npog cov chaw ua haujlwm mobile xav tau nyob hauv thaj chaw ua haujlwm.
Rau ntau- ib puag ncig cov neeg xauj tsev xws li tsev so thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv cov tsev kawm ntawv, cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem nruab nrab ntawm ONUs ntau tus los ntawm TR-069 chaw taws teeb tswj chaw taws teeb, ua kom muaj kev pabcuam batch activation thiab kuaj xyuas qhov txhaum, txo cov nqi ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas.
05 Kev txiav txim siab rau Kev Xaiv Tshuab: Txoj Haujlwm ntawm WiFi5 nyob rau niaj hnub Wireless Ib puag ncig
Raws li WiFi6 thiab txawm tias WiFi7 maj mam dhau los ua neeg nyiam, kev xaiv txuas ntxiv ntawm WiFi5 modules hauv multifunction ONUs yog ua raws li cov khoom siv tswv yim thiab kev xav txog kev lag luam.
WiFi5, raws li tus qauv 802.11ac, tsom mus rau 5GHz zaus band, ua tiav theoretical speeds txog li 3.5 Gbps los ntawm 256-QAM modulation thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws channel dav ntawm 160MHz. Rau feem ntau cov xwm txheej hauv tsev, qhov kev ua tau zoo no twb txaus lawm.
Piv rau WiFi6, qhov tsis txaus loj tshaj ntawm WiFi5 yog qhov tsis muaj OFDMA thev naus laus zis thiab kev txhawb nqa dav dav rau ob qho tib si uplink thiab downlink MU-MIMO, txhais tau hais tias WiFi5 lub network efficiency thiab latency ua tau qis dua rau WiFi6 thaum muaj ntau yam khoom siv txuas nrog ib txhij.
Kev koom ua ke WiFi5 rau hauv multifunction ONUs yog tus nqi -kev ua haujlwm sib npaug xaiv. Rau pob nyiaj siv -sensitive loj- teev tus neeg teb xov tooj kev yuav khoom, qhov kev loj hlob thiab tus nqi -kev ua tau zoo ntawm WiFi5 modules tseem txaus nyiam.
Hauv kev xa tawm tiag tiag, kev ua haujlwm wireless ntawm xws li ONUs feem ntau yog qhov chaw ua "kev pabcuam hauv paus." Yog tias cov neeg siv muaj kev xav tau ntau dua wireless, lawv tuaj yeem txuas ntau tus kws tshaj lij WiFi6 lossis Mesh routers ntawm Ethernet ports. Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem no tswj cov nqi davhlau ya nyob twg thaum khaws qhov yooj yim rau kev hloov kho network.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias qee qhov siab - kawg ONUs tau pib sib koom ua ke WiFi6 modules, tab sis ntawm tus nqi siab dua. Raws li WiFi6 nti nqi txo rau yav tom ntej, nws xav tias ntau ntau ONUs yuav hloov kho lawv cov qauv wireless.
Nrog kev txuas ntxiv nrov ntawm kev siv fiber ntau optic, qhov kev ua haujlwm ntau yam XPON ONU yog ntsiag to reshaping daim ntawv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom davhlau ya nyob twg. Hauv kev sib txuas lus cov tswv lag luam 'warehouses, optical modems ntawm cov qauv sib txawv tau zoo sib xws, thaum cov khoom siv sib txuas ua ke nrog 4GE, CATV, POTS, thiab WiFi5 tau nyob ntau qhov chaw.
Cov cuab yeej no tsis yog tsuas yog crystallization ntawm thev naus laus zis tab sis kuj yog lub cim ntawm cov tswv yim kev lag luam- cov neeg ua haujlwm kaw hauv ntau qhov kev pabcuam rau cov neeg siv los ntawm ib lub davhlau ya nyob twg, thaum cov neeg siv txaus siab rau qhov yooj yim ntawm ib qho kev daws teeb meem - nres.
